2D Speckle Tracking echocardiography in the prognostication of left ventricle diastolic dysfunction

The aim of the study: to develop prediction comprehensive criteria for the diastolic dysfunction (DD) of the left ventricle (LV) according to 2D Speckle Tracking echocardiography (STE).

Materials and methods. A clinical and instrumental study of 91 patients aged 64.0 was performed [58.0; 70.0] years in the Minsk Scientific and Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantology and Hematology in 2019. Criteria for inclusion: sinus rhythm, essential arterial hypertension, chronic coronary artery disease, previous left myocardial infarction, after which at least six months have passed to stabilize the LV structural and functional parameters, chronic heart failure, patient informed consent. Exclusion criteria: primary mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, mitral valve repair or prosthetics, congenital heart defects, acute and chronic diseases of the kidneys, lungs. Transthoracic echocardiography and STE was performed on ultrasound machine Vivid E9 (GE Healthcare, USA).

Results. The leading functional anomalies, interconnected in the development of LV DD, are decline of the LV longitudinal diastolic, regional and global systolic strain, LV mechanical dispersion and dyssynergy. Correlations between LV DD type II and the mechanical dispersion index (r = 0.69, p < 0.001), delta of LV time to peak longitudinal deformation (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), LV global post-systolic index (r = 0.58, p < 0.001), GLSAVG (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) were established. LV DD is characterized by early diastolic longitudinal strain E of the LV basal lateral segment > −6.75%, LV basal septal segment > −5.22%, early and late diastolic longitudinal strain ratio E/A of the LV basal lateral segment ≤0.91, basal-septal segment ≤0.69. LV DD type I is characterized by an LV mechanical dispersion index >49.34 ms, LV delta time to peak longitudinal strain >157 ms. Prognostic values for LV DD type II are LV mechanical dispersion index >49.34 ms, delta time to peak longitudinal strain is >136 ms, global post-systolic index >6.24%, mechanical dyssynergy index >4.60%, global LV peak longitudinal displacement ≤9.88 mm, GLSAVG > −18.5% (sensitivity 88.2%, specificity 83.3%).

Conclusions. The use of the developed STE prediction value in practical public health will increase the efficiency of diagnosis of LV DD.

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