Quality of bone tissue for quantitative X-ray computer tomography with a different value of bone mineral density

Objective. To study some of the qualitative features of the bone tissue of the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae in women with different bone mineral density values according to quantitative x-ray computed tomography.

Materials and methods. Results of quantitative computed tomography of the lumbar vertebrae of 127 women of different ages who were in the cardiology department of the Yaroslavl Regional Clinical Hospital for hypertronic disease of the II st. without a crisis flow, divided into five groups depending on the average mineral density of the spongy bone tissue.

Results and discussion. A decrease in the mineral density of cancellous bone tissue was determined by 22-26% with each subsequent group observed to an average mineral density of 50-74 mg/mm³; in a group with an average mineral density of less than 50 mg/mm³, the reduction in this index was 38% values. In general, the decrease in the mineral density of spongy bone tissue in the observed groups was 72%, cortical 42%. The difference in density of the spongy bone in the measurement zone (density interval) between the most mineralized elements such as bone beams and the least mineralized such as bone matrix and intertrabecular space, was reduced to the level of the average mineral density of the trabecular bone 100-124 mg/mm³, then in the observed groups remained almost unchanged. The density of the least mineralized components of cancellous bone tissue in the measurement zone in the group of an average density value of less than 50 mg/mm³ was close to zero.

Conclusions. The degree of decrease in the mineral density of the spongy bone with the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis is much higher than in cortical bone tissue. Reduction of the bone mass of the spongy bone is accompanied by a narrowing of the density interval with a pronounced decrease in the minimum density in the measurement zone. Similar changes in cortical bone tissue are not observed. Reduction of the mineral density of the spongy bone as osteoporosis develops fairly uniformly with an increase in bone mass of less than 50 mg/mm³. Reduction of the mineral density of the cortical bone occurs less evenly with an increase in its decrease in the stage of osteopenia (T-test - from -1,0 to -2,5) and with the most pronounced manifestations of osteoporosis, with bone mass less than 50 mg/mm³.

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