Функциональная МРТ покоя головного мозга в предоперационном планировании. Обзор литературы

В настоящее время функциональная магнитно-резонансная томография (фМРТ) позволяет планировать оперативное вмешательство с учетом топографии функционально значимых зон коры головного мозга и опухоли. Этот метод может дополнить стратегию хирургического лечения значимой клинической информацией. Как правило, для предоперационного планирования используется стимулзависимая фМРТ с двигательными и речевыми парадигмами. Результат исследования во многом зависит от способности пациента
выполнять задания парадигм, которые нарушаются при опухолях головного мозга. В попытке преодоления этой
про блемы используется метод фМРТ в состоянии покоя (рс-фМРТ, resting-state fMRI) с картированием функционально значимых зон. рс-фМРТ основана на измерении спонтанных колебаний BOLD сигнала (blood oxygen level-dependent), отражающего функциональное строение мозга. В отличие от стимулзависимой фМРТ рс-фМРТ предоставляет более полную информацию о функциональной архитектуре мозга и применяется в условиях, когда результаты стимулзависимой фМРТ могут быть ложноположительными или при отсутствии возможности ее выполнения. В совокупности оба ме тода существенно расширяют эффективность и специфичность предоперационного планирования.

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