Современные методы эхокардиографической оценки функционального состояния левого предсердия при фибрилляции предсердий

Фибрилляция предсердий (ФП) является наиболее распространенной сердечной аритмией, сопровождающейся значительной заболеваемостью и смертностью среди всего населения. При ФП именно левое предсердие (ЛП) рассматривается как критический показатель развития неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий. Дилатация ЛП с последующим электрофизиологическим ремоделированием частое наблюдение у пациентов с ФП.

Таким образом, особый интерес представляет эхокардиография (ЭхоКГ), в частности использование двухмерной и трехмерной “спекл-трекинг”-ЭхоКГ (Speckle tracking echocardiography) для изучения морфофункционального состояния ЛП у постели больного.

В настоящее время в отечественной литературе представлено несколько крупных лекционных обзоров по эхокардиографической оценке функции ЛП, но не изучена роль отдельных методов лучевой визуализации и их корреляции друг с другом, существует только пара зарубежных метаанализов по оценке и анализу функционального состояния ЛП у пациентов с ФП. Данная проблема актуальна, так как установление предикторов ФП на ранней стадии, в частности при ее скрытом течении, дает возможность предотвратить развитие ряда осложнений, ассоциированных с аритмией, – от ишемических инсультов до внезапной сердечной смерти.

Цель данного литературного обзора: представить данные последних исследований по оценке структуры и функции ЛП с использованием “спекл-трекинг” ЭхоКГ для выявления пациентов с бессимптомным течением ФП или высоким риском ее рецидива после процедур абляции.

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