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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-1396</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-1396</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕРДЦЕ И СОСУДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEART AND VESSELS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Удлинения сонных артерий (каротидная долихоартериопатия): некоторые особенности структуры и гемодинамики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Carotid artery elongation (carotid dolichoarteriopathy): some features of the structure and hemodynamics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8645-9765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головин Денис Александрович – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского центра радиологии и клинической физиологии ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis A. Golovin – Cand. of Sci. (Med.),  Senior Researcher, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denis-golovin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-4367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бердалин</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berdalin</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бердалин Александр Берикович – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского центра радиологии и клинической физиологии ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Berdalin – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex_berdalin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0038-6815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцев Юрий Сергеевич – врач-рентгенолог Научно-исследовательского центра радиологии и клинической физиологии  ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri S. Kudryavtsev – radiologist of Radiology and Clinical Physiology Research Center, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ykudryavtsev989@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4556-1893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосенко</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedosenko</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федосенко Марина Борисовна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики Научно-исследовательского центра радиологии и клинической физиологии ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina B. Fedosenko – doctor of ultrasound diagnostics of Radiology and Clinical Physiology Research Center, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marinafedosenko54642@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-179X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ростовцева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rostovtseva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ростовцева Татьяна Михайловна – научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского центра радиологии и клинической физиологии ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana M. Rostovtseva – Researcher of Radiology and Clinical Physiology Research Center, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rostovtsevat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8428-8037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лелюк</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lelyuk</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лелюк Светлана Эдуардовна – доктор мед. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana E. Lelyuk – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">selelyuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-8325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лелюк</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lelyuk</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лелюк Владимир Геннадьевич – доктор мед. наук, профессор, руководитель отдела клинической и экспериментальной физиологии кровообращения ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir G. Lelyuk – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department clinical and experimental physiology of circulatory system, ultrasound and functional diagnostics, Federal center of brain research and neurotechnologies” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.g.lelyuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ “Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий” ФМБА России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (FMBA of Russia)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Головин Д.А., Бердалин А.Б., Кудрявцев Ю.С., Федосенко М.Б., Ростовцева Т.М., Лелюк С.Э., Лелюк В.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Головин Д.А., Бердалин А.Б., Кудрявцев Ю.С., Федосенко М.Б., Ростовцева Т.М., Лелюк С.Э., Лелюк В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golovin D.A., Berdalin A.B., Kudryavtsev Y.S., Fedosenko M.B., Rostovtseva T.M., Lelyuk S.E., Lelyuk V.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/1396">https://medvis.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/1396</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: мультимодальное изучение состояния брахиоцефальных артерий (БЦА), с оценкой кровотока в экстра- и интракраниальных отделах артерий каротидного бассейна и перфузии мозгового вещества, а также структуры головного мозга у пациентов с разными типами удлинений сонных артерий (УСА).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проанализированы данные обследований 79 пациентов (45 мужчин (57,0%, средний возраст61,0 ± 10,1 года) и 34 женщины (43,0%, средний возраст 65,3 ± 13,6 года), средний возраст 62,8 ± 11,8 лет) в течение года после ишемического инсульта в вертебрально-базилярной системе. Методом мультиспиральной компьютерно-томографической ангиографии (МСКТА) верифицировали УСА у 44 пациентов (55,7% общего числа случаев), группа контроля была подобрана по полу и возрасту с элементами “случай–контроль” и состояла из 35 (44,3%) пациентов без УСА. Всем проводили МСКТА аорты и БЦА и КТ-перфузионное исследование, магнитно-резонансную томографию (МРТ) головного мозга, дуплексное сканирование БЦА и транскраниальное дуплексное сканирование, трансторакальную эхокардиографию, транскраниальное допплеровское мониторирование с микроэмболодетекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Зафиксирован ряд межгрупповых отличий, которые можно разделить на структурные и функциональные. К первым относится: более высокое расположение дуги аорты у пациентов с УСА: ThII – 6,3% против 0%, ThIII – 43% против 0%; ThIV – 28,1% против 62,9%* и ThV 21,9% против 37,1% (р &lt; 0,0005); меньшие значения высоты шейного отдела позвоночника (114,70 ± 11,03 мм против 120,46 ± 9,75 мм, р = 0,022), большую абсолютную длину внутренней сонной артерии (ВСА) (справа – 101,32 ± 14,59 мм против 85,06 ± 12,07 мм, р &lt; 0,0005; слева – 100,00 ± 14,03 мм против 84,66 ± 12,63 мм, р &lt; 0,0005). Наличие УСА ассоциировалось (р &lt; 0,05) с большей частотой деформаций позвоночных артерий. Выраженность проявлений болезни малых сосудов при МРТ у лиц с УСА была незначительно выше (на уровне тенденции, р = 0,076). Функциональные отличия заключались в регистрации более низких (р = 0,019) значений конечной диастолической скорости кровотока (Ved) в М1 средних мозговых артерий. Значения некоторых показателей перфузии в бассейне кровоснабжения деформированных артерий были ниже, чем у лиц без УСА. Случаев регистрации микроэмболических сигналов у обследованных нами пациентов с УСА выявлено не было.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У обследованных нами лиц с УСА определялся комплекс анатомо-гемодинамических особенностей, которые как по отдельным характеристикам, так и по совокупности не могут приводить к снижению уровня кровотока или быть источником артерио-артериальной эмболии в каротидном бассейне вне зависимости от конфигурации ВСА.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study. Multimodal study of the state of the brachiocephalic arteries, with assessment of blood flow in the extra- and intracranial portions of the carotid arteries and brain perfusion, as well as the structure of the brain in patients with different types of elongation of the carotid arteries (ECA).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The data of examinations of 79 patients (45 men (57.0%, average age – 61.0 ± 10.1 years) and 34 women (43.0%, 65.3 ± 13.6 years), average age 62.8 ± 11.8 years) during the year after ischemic stroke in posterior circulation were analyzed. ECA was verified by multispiral computed tomographic angiography (msCTA) in 44 patients (55.7% of the total number of cases), the control group was selected by gender and age with “case-control” elements and consisted of 35 (44.3%) patients without a mustache. All underwent msCTA of the thoracic aorta and BCA and CT perfusion examination, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, duplex scanning of BCA and transcranial duplex scanning, transthoracic echocardiography, transcranial Doppler monitoring with microembolodetection.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We have registered intergroup differences, which can be divided into structural and functional. The former include: higher aortic arch location in patients with DCA: ThII – 6.3% vs. 0%, ThIII – 43% vs. 0%; ThIV – 28.1% vs. 62.9%* and ThV 21.9% vs. 37.1% (p &lt; 0.0005); lower values of cervical spine height (114.70 ± 11.03 mm, vs. 120.46 ± 9.75 mm, p = 0.022), greater absolute length of the ICA (on the right – 101.32 ± 14.59 mm vs. 85.06 ± 12.07 mm, p &lt; 0.0005; on the left – 100.00 ± 14.03 mm vs. 84.66 ± 12.63 mm, p &lt; 0.0005). The presence of ECA was associated (p &lt; 0.05) with a higher frequency of vertebral artery elongation. The severity of small vessel disease during MRI in individuals with ECA was slightly higher (not at the trend level, p = 0.076). Functional differences consisted in the registration of lower (p = 0.019) values of the end diastolic velocity in M1 of the middle cerebral arteries. The values of some perfusion indices in the blood supply of elongation arteries were lower than in persons without ECA. There were no cases of registration of microembolic signals in the ECA patients examined by us.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In the individuals with ECA we examined, a complex of anatomical and hemodynamic features was determined, which, both individually and collectively, cannot lead to a decrease in the level of blood flow or be a source of arterio-arterial embolism in the carotid system, regardless of the configuration of the ICA.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>долихоартериопатия</kwd><kwd>удлинения сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>извитость</kwd><kwd>патологические деформации</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>кровоснабжение головного мозга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dolichoarteriopathy</kwd><kwd>carotid arteries elongation</kwd><kwd>tortuosity</kwd><kwd>pathological deformity</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>cerebral blood supply</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schönherr U., Rupprecht H., Schweiger H., Bialasiewicz A.A. 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